- Overview of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) research how emerging propulsion technologies—such as battery and hydrogen systems—affect rail safety
- Use of accident investigations and data to identify key risk scenarios (rollover, fire, water exposure, side and underframe impacts) that must be addressed for safe deployment of new onboard energy storage systems
- Research on explosion hazards, fire/toxicity risks, crashworthiness of battery enclosures, and suppression technologies for battery‑related fires
- Example of past research that informs current research and standards development will be given.